How Web Works: A Comprehensive Guide

What is the Internet?

The internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers that communicate with each other using standardized protocols. It's often referred to as the 'network of networks' because it's made up of many different networks, including commercial and government networks.

These networks are connected by a series of undersea cables and satellite links, allowing data to be transmitted quickly and efficiently around the world.

How Data is Transmitted Over the Internet

When you send data over the internet, it's broken down into small packets and given a unique identifier. These packets are then transmitted to their destination via a series of routers and switches.

Each packet may take a different route to reach its destination, but they're all reassembled once they arrive. This process is called 'packet switching' and it allows the internet to efficiently handle large amounts of data traffic.

The Role of DNS and IP Addresses in Web Browsing

When you enter a URL into your browser, it's sent to a Domain Name System (DNS) server for resolution. The DNS server looks up the IP address associated with that domain name and returns it to your device.

Your device then uses this IP address to connect to the remote server and retrieve the requested data. This process happens quickly and efficiently, thanks to the widespread use of caching and content delivery networks.